5 Common Mental Health Disorders Among Teens That You Should Know

Teenagers undergo significant social and emotional development crucial for mental well-being. While moodiness is typical, persistent emotional turmoil may signal underlying mental health issues. Studies suggest that approximately 1 in 5 teens aged 13-18 grapple with at least one diagnosable mental disorder, with many emerging as early as 14.

Common mental health disorders in teens encompass anxiety, depression, ADHD, eating disorders, and substance use disorders. Keep reading to learn everything about the common mental health disorders in teens and what treatments can help overcome these disorders effectively.

Common Mental Health Warning Signs

Mental health warning signs may be unique for every teen. However, some common signs and symptoms, apart from generalised mood swings, irritability, anger, and tearfulness, indicate that your teen requires attention and help. 

• Significant changes in sleep pattern 
• Notable changes in eating habits, routine activities, and weight 
• Loss of interest in things they initially loved doing 
• Quitting activities that they used to enjoy before 
• Withdrawal from friends, family, and society
• Being tired and lethargic most of the time 
• Academic struggles in an otherwise brilliant teen, such as failing in exams or refusing to complete homework and assignments
• Constantly worrying about thoughts that don't leave them
• Signs of alcohol, drugs, or other substance use
• Signs of self-harm such as cuts, burns, bruises, etc. 
• Having suicidal thoughts 
• Think their mind is being controlled 

Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health disorders in teens, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. An estimated 30 to 40% of teens aged 13 to 18 years experience anxiety disorders every year. 

Anxiety disorders involve excessive fear and distress that interfere with a person's ability to function normally. Signs of anxiety in teens include:

• Excessive fear or worry
• Panic attacks 
• Poor concentration
• Sleeping trouble 
• Nausea 
• Excessive sweating 
• Trembling 

Depression

Depression is the second most common mental health disorder in teens. According to NIMH, it is estimated that 17% of teens aged 13 to 18 suffer from a major depressive disorder each year. 

Symptoms of depression in teens include:

• Persistent feelings of sadness and worthlessness 
• Low interest in usual activities 
• Feeling guilty 
• Low self-esteem 
• Difficulty in maintaining relationships
• Crying for no apparent reason 
• Suicidal thoughts or tendency 
• Low energy 

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ADHD is believed to be another common mental health disorder in teens, which manifests early and is detected since this condition has adverse effects on the child's learning and behaviour. Currently, around 13% of teens have ADHD globally. 

Signs and symptoms of ADHD include:

• Being hyperactive
• Easily bored and distracted from a task
• Difficulty in focusing and paying attention to a particular task
• Trouble concentrating 
• Difficulty in processing information quickly
• Trouble sitting idle for a specific period
• Acting without regard
• Being talkative 

Eating Disorders

Eating disorders are much more common among female teens, according to the National Alliance on Mental Health, which may likely progress into their early 20s. There are several types of eating disorders, such as:

• Bulimia Nervosa: Characterised by excess eating and then vomiting to get rid of the calorie intake 
• Anorexia Nervosa: Self-starvation to lose weight  
• Binge Eating Disorders: Characterised by excess eating in a short period leading to feelings of shame and guilt 

An increased risk of nutritional deficiencies, obesity, heart and liver disease, and premature death often accompanies abnormal eating behaviours in teens.

Substance Use Disorders

The epidemic of substance abuse in teens is increasing at an alarming rate in India. This could be a direct result of the changing cultural values, fierce competition in the field of academics, the growing economic burden on families, and the lack of support for teens during the transitional age. According to a study conducted by the National Commission For Protection of Child Rights, the average age of onset of substance use (tobacco, drugs, or alcohol) can be as low as 14 years. 

Signs and symptoms of substance use disorder in teens include: 

• Mood changes 
• Behaviour changes
• Anxiety 
• Depression
• Engaging in risky activities like sex or fights
• Developing a high tolerance to drugs 
• Experiencing extreme withdrawal symptoms when not drunk or high 
• Withdrawal from family and friends 

Takeaway

Mental health is a crucial aspect of a teenager's transitional phase. Identifying early warning signs of anxiety and depression in teens is important to offer them support, counselling, and therapy. Mental health illnesses in teens not addressed early can progress into adulthood.

Treatment for mental health disorders in teens includes counselling, group therapy, and behaviour modification techniques. If left untreated, teen mental health disorders can have serious, long-term consequences. 

Consult Our Mental Health Specialists at Prerana Hospital, Mysore 

If your teenager is grappling with a mental health disorder, know that you're not alone. Seek support from our dedicated mental health specialists at Prerana Hospital in Mysore. Our team is committed to providing comprehensive mental health services to protect and nurture your teen's well-being and future.

At Prerana Hospital, we specialise in holistic mental health care, combining compassion with cutting-edge treatments. Schedule an appointment today and start a journey toward a brighter, healthier future with Prerana, where mental health takes centre stage.